Selecting the defense by statistics is much harder than the offense, but I'll try to look into the advanced stats available at Football Outsiders in much the same way I did for the offensive line. I know it isn't perfect, but it's the best information available.
Defense
Right Defensive End: Jason Taylor, Miami Dolphins
Taylor has 58 tackles, 13.5 sacks, 2 INTs, 9 forced fumbles, and 11 passes defensed. Both of his interceptions were returned for TDs. Miami was also ninth in Adjusted Line Yards against Left End runs. The second most forced fumbles by a DE was 6, and the second most passes defensed by a DE was 7. Jason Taylor should be the Defensive Player of the Year.
(Note for DTs: I was going to look at the league leaders in sacks and ALY, but I found that it often gave me guys with great DEs next to them. Instead, I largely ignored sacks to select DTs and looked at that great run defense in Minnesota.)
Defensive Tackles: Pat Williams and Kevin Williams, Minnesota Vikings
The Vikings ranked 1st, 1st, and 3rd in ALY on Left Tackle, Mid/Guard, and Right Tackle runs. Their dominance in the middle was just too much to overlook (or split). Pat Williams has 42 tackles, 1 sack, 1 forced fumble, and 3 passes defensed. If teams played him the way they have in the past, he probably absorbed several double teams in the process. Kevin Williams has 33 tackles, 5 sacks, 6 passes defensed, and 1 TD.
Left Defensive End: Julius Peppers, Carolina Panthers
Peppers has 58 tackles, 13 sacks, 3 forced fumbles, and 6 passes defensed, and the Panthers rank 8th in ALY on Right End runs. He's nowhere near the Jason Taylor level of dominance, but 13 sacks (while still defending the run) is still extraordinary.
Right Outside Linebacker: Adalius Thomas, Baltimore Ravens
Thomas has 81 tackles, 11 sacks, 1 INT, 5 passes defensed, 1 safety, and 1 TD. The Ravens were 13th and 5th in ALY on Left End and Left Tackle runs.
Middle Linebacker: Zach Thomas, Miami Dolphins
Thomas has 153 tackles, 3 sacks, 1 INT, 2 forced fumbles, and 8 passes defensed. He has led the Dolphins to 5th in defensive DVOA, 10th in passing DVOA, and 3rd in rushing DVOA.
Left Outside Linebacker: Shawne Merriman, San Diego Chargers
I couldn't find another linebacker named Thomas worth an All-Pro spot, so I went with the guy getting nearly 1.5 sacks a game. Merriman has 55 tackles, 16 sacks, 1 INT, 4 forced fumbles, and 7 passes defensed in only 11 games, and the Chargers are 3rd in ALY on Right End runs. Show me hard evidence that steroids enhance performance and might drop him from the team.
(Note for CBs: I'm going to reference the Football Outsiders blog here at Fox Sports where they released the top ten for Stop Rate (inverse of offense's Success Rate) and Yards per Play for CBs using partial data for the first 13 weeks.)
Cornerback: Leigh Bodden, Cleveland Browns
Bodden was ranked 2nd in both stop rate (65%) and yards per play (4.6) after 13 weeks to go along with 31 tackles, 2 INTs, 1 forced fumble, and 13 passes defensed. He's fallen off lately due to injury, but I'm still giving him the spot.
Cornerback: Adam "Pacman" Jones, Tennessee Titans
Jones was ranked 1st and 8th in stop rate (65%) and yards per play (5.5). He also had 61 tackles, 1 sack, 4 INTs, 1 forced fumble, 12 passes defensed, and 1 TD. If only he'd get his act together...
Nickelback: Richard Marshall, Carolina Panthers
Marshall was ranked 3rd and 10th in stop rate (63%) and yards per play (5.5) to go with 76 tackles, 3 INTs, 1 forced fumble, 14 passes defensed, and 1 TD. Not bad for a rookie.
Strong Safety: Adrian Wilson, Arizona Cardinals
Wilson has been getting some love as the most underrated player in the NFL for a couple of years. This year, he finally made the Pro Bowl. Wilson has 82 tackles, 5 sacks, 4 INTs, 4 forced fumbles, 10 passes defensed, and 2 TDs. He's had another incredible year, to say the least.
Free Safety: Brian Dawkins, Philadelphia Eagles
With 95 tackles, 1 sack, 4 INTs, 5 forced fumbles, and 13 passes defensed, Dawkins has led the Eagles to 10th in defensive DVOA, 5th in passing DVOA, and 15th in rushing DVOA. At 33, Dawkins is much older than the rest of this secondary (Bodden 25, Jones 23, Marshall 22, Wilson 27). How much longer does he stay at the top of his game?
I was originally going to stop after the offense and defense, but I think I'll be back tomorrow with the special teams.